Growth and Biochmical Studies of Mrigal Fish (Cirrhinus mrigala) Fed Graded Levels of Oil

A 45-day experiment was carried out to evaluate the growth performance,digestive enzymes activity and biochemical response of Cirrhinus mrigala fed graded levels of oil.Three isonitrogenous purified diets(6%,8%and 10%of oil)were formulated.A total of 108 juveniles of Cirrhinus mrigala(5.95±0.25)g were equally distributed in triplicate groups in nine plastic tanks of 100 L capacity and fed under natural light cycle.Growth performance of the fish significantly reflected the effect of inclusion levels of oil tested but the diet with 8%lipid had the best significant growth performance[%weight gain,Feed Conversion Ratio(FCR)and Specific Growth Rate(SGR)],across different experimental groups.Levels of secretion of digestive enzymes in the fish fed different experimental diets resulted in significant values of(p0.05)amylase and lipase,while Aspartate transaminase(AST),Alanine transaminase(ALT),Lactate dehydrogenase(LDH)and Malate dehydrogenase(MDH)values in the muscle and liver decreased significantly(p0.05)as the levels of oil in the diet increased.However,serum biochemical parameters did not record any significant difference(p0.05)with the exception of the total lipid across diets.The study confirmed the inclusion effect of graded levels of oil in juvenile Mrigal diet,but the inclusion should not be more than 8%to avert growth depression.     

发酵豆粕替代鱼粉对洛氏鱥生长、饲料利用及非特异性免疫指标的影响

【目的】研究发酵豆粕替代鱼粉对洛氏鱥生长发育的影响,为优化洛氏鱥饲料配方提供参考。【方法】以体质量(8.06±0.95)g/尾的洛氏鱥为研究对象,以鱼粉和发酵豆粕为蛋白源,糊精与面粉为糖源,玉米油、鱼油为脂肪源,纤维素为填充物,配制成5种等氮(粗蛋白含量为380.0g/kg)、等能(总能为15.20 MJ/kg)的半精制饲料,其中发酵豆粕替代鱼粉的比例分别为0.0%(对照),16.5%,33.0%,49.5%和66.0%,将600尾洛氏鱥随机分成5组,分别用上述5种饲料进行为期8周的饲养试验。试验结束后采用国标方法测定其肌肉营养成分,并采用试剂盒测定洛氏鱥血清中碱性磷酸酶(AKP)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)及溶菌酶(LZM)的活性。【结果】在本试验条件下,随着发酵豆粕替代鱼粉比例的增加,洛氏鱥的终末体质量、体质量增加率及特定生长率、蛋白质沉积率均呈下降趋势,当发酵豆粕替代鱼粉的比例为49.5%和66.0%时,洛氏鱥终末体质量、体质量增加率、特定生长率及蛋白质沉积率均显著低于对照组(P0.05);当发酵豆粕替代鱼粉的比例为66.0%时,其饲料效率、蛋白质效率显著低于对照组(P0.05)。随着发酵豆粕替代鱼粉比例的增加,洛氏鱥肌肉中的粗蛋白质量分数呈下降趋势,其中49.5%和66.0%豆粕替代组洛氏鱥肌肉中的粗蛋白质量分数均显著低于对照组(P0.05),而各组洛氏鱥肌肉中的水分、粗脂肪和粗灰分差异均不显著(P0.05)。发酵豆粕替代鱼粉的比例为49.5%和66.0%时,洛氏鱥血清中的SOD和LZM活性显著低于对照组(P0.05),而AKP活性在各组之间差异不显著(P0.05)。【结论】在本试验条件下,洛氏鱥配合饲料中发酵豆粕替代鱼粉的比例不超过33.0%时,其对洛氏鱥生长、饲料利用及非特异免疫指标均无显著影响。     

内蒙古绒山羊皮肤KRTAPs表达谱与日照时长的相关性

【目的】研究绒山羊皮肤部分角蛋白关联蛋白(keratin-associated protein,KRTAPs)基因的表达谱及其与全年日照变化规律间的相关性。【方法】以3只周岁阿尔巴斯型内蒙古绒山羊体侧皮肤为样本,进行高通量转录组测序(RNA-Seq),对获得的部分KRTAPs基因一年内不同月份间的转录本进行表达丰度分析,并结合当地全年日照变化规律与RT-PCR试验方法,验证KRTAP24-1、KRTAP3-1、KRTAP8-1在关键节点月份的表达谱,确定全年皮肤KRTAPs表达丰度变化与日照变化规律间的相关性。【结果】Illumina solexa高通量转录组测序表明,内蒙古绒山羊全年皮肤部分KRTAPs基因的表达具有规律性差异。RT-PCR试验验证表明,部分基因表达谱与测序表达丰度具有一致性,并且基因差异变化规律与全年日照时长的变化具有相关性。【结论】全年日照时长由长变短(夏-冬)时皮肤KRTAPs表达丰度上调,日照时长由短变长(冬-夏)时皮肤KRTAPs表达丰度下调。     

淡水捕捞渔业碳汇量评估探析——以浙江省的生产调查样本数据为例

在积极发展低碳经济背景下,生物碳汇扩增成为低碳发展的重要途径和内容,淡水捕捞是水生生物碳汇的重要组成部分。2016年9月对浙江省平湖市、富阳区、吴兴区的30艘淡水捕捞船进行了生产统计调查,并借助营养级方法评估淡水捕捞渔业碳汇量,研究结果表明:样本船捕捞总产量为117 557 kg,其中鱼类、虾类和螺的产量占比分别为92.87%、0.89%和6.23%,生产具有明显的区域性特征;总的碳汇量评估结果为909.82 t,鱼类、虾类和螺的碳汇量分别为874.40 t(96.11%)、4.07 t(0.45%)和31.35 t(3.45%);与碳含量评估方法相比,营养级方法的评估结果增加了893.68 t,不同方法的评估结论差异明显。最后提出了开展淡水捕捞碳汇量评估方法研究和碳平衡分析等建议,以期为科学评估淡水捕捞渔业碳汇量提供参考。     

粤东滨海城市绿化树种抗风性评价与筛选

在地处广东省沿海的汕头市市区设置固定风口调查小区,分别在2003年第13号台风"杜鹃"、2005年第10号强热带风暴"珊瑚"、2006年第1号强台风"珍珠"过后进行绿化树种风害调查;以灾后风害木恢复原景观的修复投入比例综合专家咨询确定权重,采用改良加权评分法分析城市绿化树种的抗风性,结果表明:汕头市区66个常见绿化树种,可以划分为4个抗风级别,其中Ⅰ级树种36个,抗风性较强;Ⅱ级树种19个,抗风性一般;Ⅲ级树种7个,抗风性较差;Ⅳ级树种4个,不抗风.     

基于创建苏南现代化示范区的土地集约利用水平分析

选取苏南五市人口承载、经济投入和经济产出三方面因素层的指标,围绕建设苏南现代化创新示范区的大背景,结合利用模糊综合评价的方法,分析各市的土地集约利用水平情况,根据各市目前土地利用的是实际情况,给出相应的建议,进一步优化和提升苏南地区的土地集约利用水平。     

城市土地集约利用度与城市化水平协调发展研究——以武汉城市圈为例

以武汉城市圈为例,建立城市土地集约利用及城市化水平评价指标体系,采用全局主成分分析法评价2005~2014年土地集约利用度与城市化水平,运用系统相对状态发展模型测算两者之间的协调度,并对其进行时空维度上的差异分析。协调度测算结果显示,2008年以后圈内各市多处于协调阶段;从时间轴上看,武汉、黄石、孝感、潜江市的土地集约利用与城市化水平协调度总体趋于逐年增强,但在空间格局上各市呈现不规则变化态势,不具有明显的空间聚集特征。     

Effect of Fagopyrum dibotrys (D.Don) Hara on Growth Performance,Immune Function and Intestinal Structure of Broilers

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of Fagopyrum dibotrys (D.Don) Hara on growth performance,immune function and intestinal structure of broilers. A total of 270 one-day-old healthy Tiejiaoma broilers were chosen and randomly divided into 3 groups with 6 replicates per group and 15 broilers per replicate.Control group was fed with the basal diet,group Ⅱ was fed with basal diet adding 8% flavomycin 60 mg/kg +15% aureomycin 270 mg/kg and group Ⅲ was fed with basal diet adding 1% Fagopyrum dibotrys (D.Don) Hara. The trial period lasted for 21 days. The results showed as follow:① At 21 days of age,the average daily feed intake of group Ⅲ was significantly lower than that of groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ (P<0.05).However,there was no significant difference in the average daily gain and F/G among the three groups (P>0.05).②At 21 days of age,the thymus and bursa of Fabricius indexes of groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ were significantly higher than that of group Ⅰ (P<0.05);But the spleen index were not significantly different among the three groups (P>0.05).③ At 21 days of age,the content of IgA and IgM in serum of groups Ⅲ were significantly higher than that of group Ⅰ (P<0.05),and the content of IgG in serum of groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ were significantly higher than that of group Ⅰ (P<0.05).④At 21 days of age,the content of IL-2,TNF-α and sIgA in intestinal mucosa of groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ were significantly higher than that of group Ⅰ (P<0.05),and the content of IL-6 in intestinal mucosa of group Ⅲ were significantly higher than that of groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ (P<0.05).⑤At 21 days of age,the villus height of jejunum in groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ were significantly higher than that of group Ⅰ (P<0.05),the villus height/crypt depth of jejunum in group Ⅱ was significantly higher than that of groups Ⅰ and Ⅲ (P<0.05). However,the crypt depth was not significantly different among the three groups (P>0.05).In conclusion,that Fagopyrum dibotrys (D.Don) Hara could not affect the growth performance of broilers,but it could improve the development of immune organs,increase the secretion of serum immunoglobulin, promote the immune function of intestinal mucosa and intestinal morphology of jejunum.     

云南冷泉蚕区2010-2015年蚕桑生产状况统计分析

收集了2010-2015年云南冷泉蚕区309户农户的蚕茧生产数据,通过实地调查或问卷形式对蚕农户数变化、新栽桑情况,以及主要农副产品的产值效益进行了统计.结果表明,养蚕水平在2013年波动最为明显,同年各片区间养蚕水平差异显著;2013年蚕农数量骤减,同年三七、生姜等经济作物价格飙升.因此2010-2015年6年间养蚕水平波动、蚕农骤减同当年高产值经济作物三七、生姜影响关系最为密切,并且经济条件相对落后的地区是今后蚕桑发展的重点地区.     

上海城市综合性公园运动专用场地游憩度评价体系构建——以康健园为例

游憩度是衡量城市综合性公园运动场地设计与管理水平的一个重要指标。本研究以科学性、针对性、可操作性、全面性和客观性为原则,确定13个公园的18个运动专用场地为调查对象,调查结果显示,上海综合性公园已开展的运动项目多样化程度较低,运动专用场地的游憩度不高。运用层次分析法和多指标综合指数法,从空间场地、配套设施和环境景观三个维度甄选13个指标构建游憩度评价体系,运用于康健园运动专用场地游憩度评价,得出运动专用场地游憩度应注重安全性和运动场地"公园化"的结论。本研究对同类和类似场地的规划设计具有参考价值。